President Bill Clinton. Under Clinton, taxes were lowered for the middle class but they rose for the wealthy. This was enacted through several pieces of legislation that he signed into law, most notably the Taxpayer Relief Act of Clinton Tax Return.
Under Reagan, a number of important tax reforms occurred. In , he signed a law was at the time the largest tax cut in U. He also signed the Tax Reform Act of Reagan Tax Return. Carter supported lowering taxes for the middle class. He was also in favor of eliminating tax shelters and loopholes. Carter Tax Return. Richard Nixon. Ford Tax Summary. President Gerald Ford Tax Summary. Nixon signed the Tax Reform Act of , which essentially eliminated taxes for those living in poverty and raised taxes on certain wealthy taxpayers by closing loopholes.
Nixon Tax Return. FDR's domestic policy is remembered for lasting contributions such as Social Security. However, during his time in office he also signed several key tax reforms that raised taxes to fund the war effort World War II as well as new social programs. This was the highest rate in United States history.
Roosevelt Tax Return. Pence favors cutting taxes for all individuals. As a Member of the House of Representatives, he advocated for replacing the then current income tax code with what is known as a "FairTax" -- essentially a single consumption tax on all retail sales. Pence Tax Return. Biden Tax Return. Cheney supported keeping taxes low and touted the benefits for businesses. Cheney Tax Return. Presidential Candidate. The Democratic presidential candidate favors increasing taxes for the wealthy while providing tax cuts for the middle class and small businesses.
The Republican presidential candidate favors lowering tax rates for individuals. As governor he proposed lowering the Massachusetts state tax rate, but state and local tax rates actually increased. Romney Tax Return. The Republican presidential candidate supported lowering taxes and simplifying the tax code. McCain Tax Return. Vice Presidential Candidate. The Democratic vice presidential candidate favors increasing the tax rates of wealthy taxpayers.
As governor of Virginia , he cut state and local taxes to stimulate the economy. As Senator, he advocated for simplifying the tax code. Kaine Tax Return. The Republican vice presidential candidate is best known for his budget plan that attempts to broaden the tax base and reduce tax rates across the board.
His proposed plan was coupled with spending cuts aimed at reducing the national budget deficit. Ryan Tax Return. The vice presidential candidate opposes increasing taxes for the wealthy and supports removing the estate tax.
While governor of Alaska , she imposed new taxes on the oil industry, generating substantial revenue for her state. Palin Tax Return. Join Taxesfaction! While running for president in , Dwight D. Eisenhower disclosed a few key elements of his tax history, but no complete returns. Ford released a nine-year summary of his tax data when running for president in and But starting with Carter, every president through Obama has made an annual disclosure of the tax return he filed during each year in which he held office.
The archive includes returns disclosed by every president from Nixon through Obama, with the exception of Ford. Since Ford released only summary tax data, the archive includes a summary.
In a statement, the White House confirmed the accuracy of key figures from this partial return. The archive includes returns filed by Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry Truman. For Cheney, all but one of the returns filed jointly with his wife are incomplete, consisting of only a Form In the Cheneys released only a press statement summarizing their return.
Returns filed by Pence were released while he was running in the election. Because Pence has released no returns since taking office, the last return available in the archive is for Like Trump, Cheney has cited ongoing audits as an explanation for his refusal to release later returns. The returns, however, were publicly released by those officials while they held office. They are unavailable now, and we hope to add them to the archive eventually.
For primary candidates and major party nominees, we have returns or return portions covering the , , and election cycles. The number of returns released by presidential candidates varies widely, from a low of zero Donald Trump to a high of 33 Jeb Bush. Disclosures have also varied considerably in their completeness.
While all major party presidential nominees through the election released complete or nearly complete returns, several candidates in chose to release only their Form , omitting other required elements of their tax returns, including various schedules and forms.
The voluntary tradition of tax return disclosure — by candidates, nominees, vice presidents, and presidents — was strong until The decision in by several candidates in both parties to release incomplete returns was a break with the usual practice of full disclosure.
Moreover, while numerous candidates opted for a partial release in , Cheney had already set a precedent for limiting annual disclosures to just a Form Whether Congress can compel disclosure of presidential and vice presidential tax returns remains to be seen.
A law enacted in empowers key leaders of the House Ways and Means and Senate Finance committees to request tax return information from Treasury, including individual returns filed by just about anyone. But the law also gives lawmakers a procedure for making that information public should either committee decide, after a formal vote, that disclosure is warranted. The Ways and Means Committee is seeking tax returns filed by Trump, as well as returns from several of his businesses and related audit and administrative materials developed by the IRS.
To date, Treasury has declined to provide that information, and the standoff seems likely to find its way to a courtroom sometime soon. The law requires lawmakers to treat tax return information confidentially. In a related development, the House passed legislation in March that would require presidents, vice presidents, and major party nominees for both offices to publicly disclose 10 years of tax returns.
The legislation is awaiting action in the Senate. Tax Analysts maintains the largest database of publicly available tax returns released by American national politicians. In theory, tax returns released by specific presidents and vice presidents should be available in the various presidential libraries scattered around the country. In practice, it can be difficult to retrieve those returns, because their sensitive nature often causes them to be flagged for special security screening.
Getting that screening done can take considerable time, given staffing shortages at presidential libraries. The story for candidate and nominee returns is even worse. Some released returns can still be found online through various news organizations, which occasionally host returns on their own websites.
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